ABSTRACT
Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor for several diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. The toxicity of the cigarette smoke can be determined in vitro. The cytotoxicity test of the cigarette smoke is commonly conducted using the cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) and cigarette smoke extract (CSE). The CSC and CSE methods are well known for sampling of the particles and water-soluble compounds in the cigarette smoke, respectively. In this study, the CSC and CSE were analyzed by using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system equipped with a wax column for separation of the volatile organic compounds. The cytotoxic effect of the CSC and CSE were evaluated thoroughly by comparing the analytical results of the CSC and CSE samples. The total concentration of the volatile organic compounds detected in the CSC sample was similar to that in the CSE sample based on the peak area. Except for the dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, nicotine had the highest concentration in the CSC sample, while acetonitrile had the highest concentration in the CSE sample. The compositions were as follows: (1) CSC sample: 55.8% nicotine, 18.0% nicotyrine, 3.20% 1,2,3-propanetriol, triacetate, 1.28% ethyl chloride, 1.22% phenol, etc. and (2) CSE sample: 18.7% acetonitrile, 18.0% acetone, 12.5% 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile, 8.98% nicotine, 5.86% nicotyrine, etc. In this manner, to accurately examine the cytotoxicity of the cigarette smoke using CSC or CSE, the components and their concentrations in the CSC and CSE samples should be considered.
Subject(s)
Acetone , Cardiovascular Diseases , Dimethyl Sulfoxide , Ethyl Chloride , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , In Vitro Techniques , Nicotine , Phenol , Risk Factors , Smoke , Tobacco Products , Volatile Organic CompoundsABSTRACT
Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor for several diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. The toxicity of the cigarette smoke can be determined in vitro. The cytotoxicity test of the cigarette smoke is commonly conducted using the cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) and cigarette smoke extract (CSE). The CSC and CSE methods are well known for sampling of the particles and water-soluble compounds in the cigarette smoke, respectively. In this study, the CSC and CSE were analyzed by using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system equipped with a wax column for separation of the volatile organic compounds. The cytotoxic effect of the CSC and CSE were evaluated thoroughly by comparing the analytical results of the CSC and CSE samples. The total concentration of the volatile organic compounds detected in the CSC sample was similar to that in the CSE sample based on the peak area. Except for the dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, nicotine had the highest concentration in the CSC sample, while acetonitrile had the highest concentration in the CSE sample. The compositions were as follows: (1) CSC sample: 55.8% nicotine, 18.0% nicotyrine, 3.20% 1,2,3-propanetriol, triacetate, 1.28% ethyl chloride, 1.22% phenol, etc. and (2) CSE sample: 18.7% acetonitrile, 18.0% acetone, 12.5% 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanenitrile, 8.98% nicotine, 5.86% nicotyrine, etc. In this manner, to accurately examine the cytotoxicity of the cigarette smoke using CSC or CSE, the components and their concentrations in the CSC and CSE samples should be considered.
Subject(s)
Acetone , Cardiovascular Diseases , Dimethyl Sulfoxide , Ethyl Chloride , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , In Vitro Techniques , Nicotine , Phenol , Risk Factors , Smoke , Tobacco Products , Volatile Organic CompoundsABSTRACT
Objective:To study the change of the survivin mRNA and protein of BEP-2D cells during its malignant transformation.Methods:Normal BEP-2D cell and BEP-2D cells treated by cigarette smoke condensate(CSC)for 15 weeks(P-15),25 weeks(P-25)and 38 weeks(P-38)were respectively chosen to study the survivin gene and protein by RT-PCR(retro-translation PCR,RT-PCR)and immunohistochemical method.Results:The survivin mRNA was found in BEP-2D cells of P-15,P-25 and P-38,respectively with 0.56,0.80,and 0.81,but not in the normal BEP-2D cell.The survivin protein was found in the normal BEP-2D cell,but not in BEP-2D cells of P-15,P-25 and P-38.The levels of survivin protein expressian were different between BEP-2D cells of P-15,P-25 and P-38 and normal BEP-2D cell,with significant difference between P-15 BEP-2D cell and normal BEP-2D cell(P